题目
Problem
(a) Use algebra to determine the set of values of x for which
x−5<x+39
(6)
(b) Hence, or otherwise, determine the set of values of x for which
x−5<∣x+3∣9
(2)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
这是分式不等式,不能直接乘以 x+3 而不考虑符号。先移到一边并通分,再用 critical values 分区间判断。
答题过程
展开
We need
x−5<x+39,
where
x=−3.
Move all terms to the left:
x−5−x+39<0.
Use the common denominator x+3:
x−5−x+39=x+3(x−5)(x+3)−9.
Expand the numerator:
(x−5)(x+3)−9===x2−2x−15−9x2−2x−24(x−6)(x+4).
So the inequality becomes
x+3(x−6)(x+4)<0.
The critical values are
x=−4,−3,6.
Using a sign chart for
x+3(x−6)(x+4),
we get
x<−4or−3<x<6.
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
因为分母是 ∣x+3∣,所以右边始终为正,且 x=−3。
当 x>−3 时,∣x+3∣=x+3,沿用 (a) 得 −3<x<6。
当 x<−3 时,右边仍为正,而 x−5<0,所以不等式自动成立。
答题过程
展开
We need
x−5<∣x+3∣9,
where x=−3.
If x>−3, then ∣x+3∣=x+3, so from part (a),
−3<x<6.
If x<−3, then
x−5<0
and
∣x+3∣9>0.
So the inequality is true for all x<−3.
Therefore the solution is
x<6,x=−3.