题目
Problem
In this question you must show all stages of your working.
Solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.
(a) By substituting p=3x, show that the equation
3×9x+3x+2=1+3x−1
can be rewritten in the form
9p2+26p−3=0.
(3)
(b) Hence solve
3×9x+3x+2=1+3x−1.
(3)
题目中文翻译
本题必须写出计算过程的所有步骤。
不接受依赖计算器技术的解答。
(a) 通过代换 p=3x,证明方程
3×9x+3x+2=1+3x−1
可以改写为
9p2+26p−3=0.
(b) 由此解方程
3×9x+3x+2=1+3x−1.
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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题目给了 p=3x,所以要把所有指数项都改写成 p。关键是 9x=(32)x=(3x)2=p2,而 3x+2=3x⋅32=9p。
答题过程
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Let
p=3x.
Then
9x=3x+2=3x−1=(32)x=(3x)2=p2,3x⋅32=9p,33x=3p.
Substitute into the equation:
3p2+9p=1+3p.
Multiply by 3:
9p2+27p=9p2+26p−3=3+p0.
This is the required form.
(b)
解法一
思路
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先解上一小题得到的二次方程。因为 p=3x,所以 p 必须是正数,负根要舍去。
答题过程
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From part (a),
9p2+26p−3=0.
Factorise:
9p2+26p−3=(9p−1)(p+3).
So
(9p−1)(p+3)=p=091orp=−3.
But p=3x>0, so p=−3 is not possible. Hence
3x=3x=913−2.
Therefore
x=−2.