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IAL 2023 Jan Q7

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2023 Jan Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

(a) On Diagram 1, sketch a graph of the curve CC with equation

y=6x,x0.\begin{align*} y=\frac6x, \qquad x\ne0. \end{align*}

Diagram 1
(2)

The curve CC is transformed onto the curve with equation

y=6x2,x2.\begin{align*} y=\frac6{x-2}, \qquad x\ne2. \end{align*}

(b) Fully describe this transformation.

(2)

The curve with equation

y=6x2,x2\begin{align*} y=\frac6{x-2}, \qquad x\ne2 \end{align*}

and the line with equation

y=kx+7,where k is a constant\begin{align*} y=kx+7, \qquad \text{where } k \text{ is a constant} \end{align*}

intersect at exactly two points, PP and QQ.

Given that the xx coordinate of point PP is 4-4,

(c) find the value of kk,

(2)

(d) find, using algebra, the coordinates of point QQ.

(Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.)

(4)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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y=6xy=\frac6x 是正比例系数的 reciprocal graph。它在第一、第三象限,各自靠近但不接触两条坐标轴,坐标轴就是渐近线。

答题过程

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The graph of

y=6x\begin{align*} y=\frac6x \end{align*}

has two branches:

  • one branch in quadrant I,
  • one branch in quadrant III.

It has asymptotes

x=0andy=0.\begin{align*} x=0 \quad\text{and}\quad y=0. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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xx 替换成 x2x-2,图像会向右平移 22 个单位。

答题过程

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The transformation from

y=6x\begin{align*} y=\frac6x \end{align*}

to

y=6x2\begin{align*} y=\frac6{x-2} \end{align*}

is a translation 22 units to the right.

(c)

解法一

思路

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PP 同时在曲线和直线上。已知 x=4x=-4,先从曲线求出 yy,再代入直线求 kk

答题过程

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When x=4x=-4 on the curve,

y=642=66=1.\begin{align*} y =&\,\frac6{-4-2}\\ =&\,\frac6{-6}\\ =&\,-1. \end{align*}

Since PP also lies on the line y=kx+7y=kx+7,

1=k(4)+78=4kk=2.\begin{align*} -1=&\,k(-4)+7\\ -8=&\,-4k\\ k=&\,2. \end{align*}

(d)

解法一

思路

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上一小题得到直线是 y=2x+7y=2x+7。把直线和曲线联立,解出两个交点的 xx 坐标,其中一个是 4-4,另一个就是点 QQxx 坐标。

答题过程

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Using k=2k=2, the line is

y=2x+7.\begin{align*} y=2x+7. \end{align*}

At the intersections,

6x2=2x+7.\begin{align*} \frac6{x-2}=&\,2x+7. \end{align*}

Multiply by x2x-2:

6=(x2)(2x+7)=2x2+7x4x14=2x2+3x14.\begin{align*} 6=&\,(x-2)(2x+7)\\ =&\,2x^2+7x-4x-14\\ =&\,2x^2+3x-14. \end{align*}

So

2x2+3x20=0(2x5)(x+4)=0.\begin{align*} 2x^2+3x-20=&\,0\\ (2x-5)(x+4)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Thus

x=52orx=4.\begin{align*} x=\frac52 \quad\text{or}\quad x=-4. \end{align*}

The point PP has x=4x=-4, so point QQ has

x=52.\begin{align*} x=\frac52. \end{align*}

Then

y=2(52)+7=12.\begin{align*} y =&\,2\left(\frac52\right)+7\\ =&\,12. \end{align*}

Therefore

Q=(52,12).\begin{align*} Q=\left(\frac52,12\right). \end{align*}