Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

IAL 2024 May R Q8

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2024 May (R) Paper · Question 8

题目

Problem

A curve CC with equation y=f(x)y=f(x) passes through the point R(4,13)R(4,13).

Given that

f(x)=2(x3)(3x+2)\begin{align*} f'(x)=2(x-3)(3x+2) \end{align*}

(a) use integration to find f(x)f(x), giving your answer in simplest form.

(5)

(b) Given that f(x)f(x) can be written in the form

(x3)2(px+q)\begin{align*} (x-3)^2(px+q) \end{align*}

find the value of the constant pp and the value of the constant qq.

(2)

(c) Sketch the graph of y=f(2x)y=f(2x), showing the coordinates of any points where the curve touches or crosses the coordinate axes.

(4)
题目中文翻译

曲线 CC 的方程为 y=f(x)y=f(x),并经过点 R(4,13)R(4,13)

已知

f(x)=2(x3)(3x+2).\begin{align*} f'(x)=2(x-3)(3x+2). \end{align*}

(a) 使用积分求 f(x)f(x),并将答案写成最简形式。

(5)

(b) 已知 f(x)f(x) 可写成

(x3)2(px+q)\begin{align*} (x-3)^2(px+q) \end{align*}

的形式,求常数 pp 和常数 qq 的值。

(2)

(c) 画出 y=f(2x)y=f(2x) 的草图,并标出曲线与坐标轴相切或相交的所有点的坐标。

(4)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先展开 f(x)f'(x),再积分得到 f(x)f(x)。积分常数用点 R(4,13)R(4,13) 求出。

答题过程

展开

Expand the derivative:

f(x)=2(x3)(3x+2)=2(3x27x6)=6x214x12.\begin{align*} f'(x) =&\,2(x-3)(3x+2)\\ =&\,2(3x^2-7x-6)\\ =&\,6x^2-14x-12. \end{align*}

Integrate:

f(x)=(6x214x12)dx=2x37x212x+c.\begin{align*} f(x) =&\,\int(6x^2-14x-12)\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,2x^3-7x^2-12x+c. \end{align*}

Use R(4,13)R(4,13):

13=2(4)37(4)212(4)+c13=12811248+c13=32+cc=45.\begin{align*} 13=&\,2(4)^3-7(4)^2-12(4)+c\\ 13=&\,128-112-48+c\\ 13=&\,-32+c\\ c=&\,45. \end{align*}

Therefore

f(x)=2x37x212x+45.\begin{align*} f(x)=2x^3-7x^2-12x+45. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

(x3)2(px+q)(x-3)^2(px+q) 展开,并与 (a) 中的三次式比较系数。也可以直接因式分解得到 (x3)2(2x+5)(x-3)^2(2x+5)

答题过程

展开

From part (a),

f(x)=2x37x212x+45.\begin{align*} f(x)=2x^3-7x^2-12x+45. \end{align*}

Factorise:

2x37x212x+45=(x3)2(2x+5).\begin{align*} 2x^3-7x^2-12x+45 =&\,(x-3)^2(2x+5). \end{align*}

Therefore

p=2,q=5.\begin{align*} p=2,\qquad q=5. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

由 (b) 得

f(x)=(x3)2(2x+5).\begin{align*} f(x)=(x-3)^2(2x+5). \end{align*}

所以

f(2x)=(2x3)2(4x+5).\begin{align*} f(2x)=(2x-3)^2(4x+5). \end{align*}

平方因子表示曲线在对应的 xx 截距处“触碰” xx 轴;一次因子表示曲线“穿过” xx 轴。

答题过程

展开

Using

f(x)=(x3)2(2x+5),\begin{align*} f(x)=(x-3)^2(2x+5), \end{align*}

we have

f(2x)=(2x3)2(2(2x)+5)=(2x3)2(4x+5).\begin{align*} f(2x) =&\,(2x-3)^2(2(2x)+5)\\ =&\,(2x-3)^2(4x+5). \end{align*}

The xx-intercepts are found from

(2x3)2(4x+5)=0.\begin{align*} (2x-3)^2(4x+5)=0. \end{align*}

So

2x3=0or4x+5=0.\begin{align*} 2x-3=0 \quad\text{or}\quad 4x+5=0. \end{align*}

Hence

x=32orx=54.\begin{align*} x=\frac32 \quad\text{or}\quad x=-\frac54. \end{align*}

At x=32x=\frac32, the repeated factor means the curve touches the xx-axis:

(32,0).\begin{align*} \left(\frac32,0\right). \end{align*}

At x=54x=-\frac54, the curve crosses the xx-axis:

(54,0).\begin{align*} \left(-\frac54,0\right). \end{align*}

The yy-intercept is

f(0)=45,\begin{align*} f(0)=45, \end{align*}

so for y=f(2x)y=f(2x) the yy-intercept is still

(0,45).\begin{align*} (0,45). \end{align*}

The sketch is a positive cubic curve, crossing the xx-axis at (54,0)\left(-\frac54,0\right), touching the xx-axis at (32,0)\left(\frac32,0\right), and crossing the yy-axis at (0,45)(0,45).