题目
Problem
Figure 1 shows a sketch of part of the curves C1 and C2.
Figure 1
Given that C1
- has equation y=f(x) where f(x) is a quadratic function
- cuts the x-axis at the origin and at x=4
- has a minimum turning point at (2,−4.8)
(a) find f(x).
(3)
Given that C2
- has equation y=g(x) where g(x) is a cubic function
- cuts the x-axis at the origin and meets the x-axis at x=4
- passes through the point (6,7.2)
(b) find g(x).
(3)
The curves C1 and C2 meet in the first quadrant at the point P, shown in Figure 1.
(c) Use algebra to find the coordinates of P.
(4)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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二次曲线在 x=0 和 x=4 截 x 轴,所以可以写成 kx(x−4)。再用最低点 (2,−4.8) 求 k。
答题过程
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Since the roots are 0 and 4, write
f(x)=kx(x−4).
Use the point (2,−4.8):
−4.8=−4.8=k=k(2)(2−4)−4k1.2.
Therefore
f(x)=1.2x(x−4).
解法二
思路
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最低点是 (2,−4.8),所以也可以从顶点形式开始:f(x)=a(x−2)2−4.8。再用截距点求 a。
答题过程
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Since the minimum turning point is (2,−4.8),
f(x)=a(x−2)2−4.8.
The curve passes through the origin, so
0=0=a=a(0−2)2−4.84a−4.81.2.
Therefore
f(x)====1.2(x−2)2−4.81.2(x2−4x+4)−4.81.2x2−4.8x1.2x(x−4).
(b)
解法一
思路
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三次曲线在 x=0 截过 x 轴,在 x=4 与 x 轴相切,所以 x=4 是重复根。因此可写成 g(x)=λx(x−4)2。
答题过程
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Since the curve cuts the x-axis at 0 and meets the x-axis at 4,
g(x)=λx(x−4)2.
Use the point (6,7.2):
7.2=7.2=λ=λ(6)(6−4)224λ0.3.
Therefore
g(x)=0.3x(x−4)2.
(c)
解法一
思路
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交点满足 f(x)=g(x)。两边都有 x(x−4),但不能忘记 x=0 和 x=4 只是 x 轴上的交点;题目要第一象限里的另一个交点,所以最后选 x=8。
答题过程
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At intersections,
f(x)=1.2x(x−4)=g(x)0.3x(x−4)2.
So
0.3x(x−4)2−1.2x(x−4)=x(x−4)(0.3(x−4)−1.2)=00.
Hence
x=0,x=4,0.3(x−4)−1.2=0.
For the first-quadrant point P,
0.3(x−4)=x−4=x=1.248.
Then
y===f(8)1.2(8)(8−4)38.4.
Therefore
P=(8,38.4).