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IAL 2025 May A Q1

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2025 May A Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A curve CC has equation y=f(x)y=f(x), xRx\in\mathbb{R}.

Figure 1

The curve CC

  • cuts the xx-axis at 1-1
  • has a maximum turning point at P(2,5)P(2,5)
  • has a horizontal asymptote with equation y=3y=3
  • has no other turning points or asymptotes.

(a) Find the coordinates of the point PP under the following transformations:

(i) y=f(x)+7y=f(x)+7

(ii) y=3f(x)y=3f(x)

(2)

Given that the horizontal line with equation y=ky=k cuts or meets the curve CC exactly once,

(b) state the range of possible values of kk.

(2)

(c) Write down the solution of f(x+4)=0f(x+4)=0.

(1)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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P(2,5)P(2,5) 在曲线 y=f(x)y=f(x) 上。

y=f(x)+7y=f(x)+7 是整体向上平移 77,所以 xx 坐标不变,yy 坐标加 77

y=3f(x)y=3f(x) 是竖直方向放大 33 倍,所以 xx 坐标不变,yy 坐标乘 33

答题过程

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For y=f(x)+7y=f(x)+7, the point P(2,5)P(2,5) becomes

(2,5+7)=(2,12).\begin{align*} (2,5+7)=(2,12). \end{align*}

For y=3f(x)y=3f(x), the point P(2,5)P(2,5) becomes

(2,3×5)=(2,15).\begin{align*} (2,3\times5)=(2,15). \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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水平线 y=ky=k 与曲线交点个数可从曲线高度判断。曲线有最高转折点 y=5y=5,水平渐近线是 y=3y=3,且只有一个转折点。

k3k\leq3 时,水平线只会与曲线其中一支相交一次;当 k=5k=5 时,水平线在最大点处与曲线相切,也只接触一次。

答题过程

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The horizontal asymptote is

y=3.\begin{align*} y=3. \end{align*}

So for any horizontal line at or below this level, the line cuts the curve exactly once:

k3.\begin{align*} k\leq3. \end{align*}

The maximum turning point is P(2,5)P(2,5), so the horizontal line

y=5\begin{align*} y=5 \end{align*}

meets the curve exactly once at PP.

Therefore

k3ork=5.\begin{align*} k\leq3\quad\text{or}\quad k=5. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

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f(x)=0f(x)=0 的解是 x=1x=-1。现在要求 f(x+4)=0f(x+4)=0,所以让括号里的 x+4x+4 等于原来的根 1-1

答题过程

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Since f(x)=0f(x)=0 when x=1x=-1, for f(x+4)=0f(x+4)=0 we need

x+4=1x=5.\begin{align*} x+4=&\,-1\\ x=&\,-5. \end{align*}