题目
Problem
f(x)=(2+8kx)7
where k is a non-zero constant.
(a) Find the first 4 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of f(x). Give each term in simplest form.
(4)
Given that, in the binomial expansion of f(x), the coefficients of x, x2 and x3 are the first 3 terms of an arithmetic progression,
(b) find, using algebra, the possible values of k.
(3)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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使用二项式定理(Binomial Theorem)展開公式:
(a+b)n=an+(1n)an−1b+(2n)an−2b2+(3n)an−3b3+⋯
本題中 a=2,b=8kx,n=7。將這些項代入公式並化簡前 4 項即可。
答题过程
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Using the binomial expansion formula:
f(x)====(2+8kx)727+(17)26(8kx)+(27)25(8kx)2+(37)24(8kx)3+⋯128+7(64)(8kx)+21(32)(64k2x2)+35(16)(512k3x3)+⋯128+56kx+221k2x2+3235k3x3+⋯
Therefore, the first 4 terms of the expansion are:
128+56kx+221k2x2+3235k3x3.
(b)
解法一
思路
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- 提取係數:從 (a) 的展開式中,得到 x、x2 和 x3 的係數分別為:
a=56k,b=221k2,c=3235k3
- 等差數列條件:若這三個係數按順序構成等差數列(arithmetic progression),則滿足關係:
2b=a+c
- 求解 k:代入係數表達式後,得到一個關於 k 的三次方程。由於 k=0,可以兩邊同除以 k,從而將其化簡為一元二次方程,再進行因式分解即可求出 k 的可能值。
答题过程
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The coefficients of x, x2 and x3 are 56k, 221k2 and 3235k3 respectively.
Since these coefficients form the first 3 terms of an arithmetic progression, we have:
2(221k2)=21k2=56k+3235k356k+3235k3.
Given that k is a non-zero constant (k=0), we can divide both sides of the equation by k:
21k=56+3235k2.
Multiply the entire equation by 32 to clear the fraction:
672k=35k2−672k+1792=1792+35k20.
Divide by 7:
5k2−96k+256=(5k−16)(k−16)=00.
Solving for k:
k=16ork=516.