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IAL 2023 May Q5

A Level / Edexcel / P2

IAL 2023 May Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

Use the laws of logarithms to solve

log2(16x)+log2(x+1)=3+log2(x+6)\log_2(16x) + \log_2(x + 1) = 3 + \log_2(x + 6)

(5)
题目中文翻译

用对数运算法则解方程 log2(16x)+log2(x+1)=3+log2(x+6)\log_2(16x)+\log_2(x+1)=3+\log_2(x+6)

(5分)

解答

解法一

思路

合并左边对数:log2(16x(x+1))\log_2(16x(x+1))。右边 3=log283=\log_2 8,移项合并。去掉对数得二次方程,检验定义域 x>0x>0

答题过程

\log_2(16x) + \log_2(x+1) =&\, 3 + \log_2(x+6) \\[4mm] \log_2\big[16x(x+1)\big] =&\, \log_2 8 + \log_2(x+6) \\[4mm] \log_2\big[16x(x+1)\big] =&\, \log_2\big[8(x+6)\big] \end{align*}$$ Since the logarithms are equal: $$\begin{align*} 16x(x+1) =&\, 8(x+6) \\[4mm] 16x^2 + 16x =&\, 8x + 48 \\[4mm] 16x^2 + 8x - 48 =&\, 0 \\[4mm] 2x^2 + x - 6 =&\, 0 \\[4mm] (2x - 3)(x + 2) =&\, 0 \end{align*}$$ $$x = \frac{3}{2} \quad \text{or} \quad x = -2$$ Check domain: $x > 0$, $x + 1 > 0$, $x + 6 > 0$, so $x > 0$. $x = -2$ is rejected since $-2 < 0$. $$\boxed{x = \frac{3}{2}}$$