题目
Problem
In this question you must show all stages of your working.
Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
The graph shown in Figure 2 has equation
y=a−∣2x−b∣
where a and b are positive constants, a>b
(a) Find, giving your answer in terms of a and b,
(i) the coordinates of the maximum point of the graph,
(ii) the coordinates of the point of intersection of the graph with the y-axis,
(iii) the coordinates of the points of intersection of the graph with the x-axis.
(5)
On page 24 there is a copy of Figure 2 called Diagram 1.
(b) On Diagram 1, sketch the graph with equation
y=∣x∣−1
(2)
Given that the graphs y=∣x∣−1 and y=a−∣2x−b∣ intersect at x=−3 and x=5
(c) find the value of a and the value of b
(4)
题目中文翻译
本题中你必须写出解题过程的所有步骤。
不接受完全依赖计算器技术的解法。
图 2 所示图像的方程为
y=a−∣2x−b∣
其中 a 和 b 是正常数,且 a>b。
(a) 用 a 和 b 表示,求
(i) 图像最高点的坐标;
(ii) 图像与 y 轴交点的坐标;
(iii) 图像与 x 轴交点的坐标。
第 24 页给出了图 2 的副本,称为 Diagram 1。
(b) 在 Diagram 1 上画出方程
y=∣x∣−1
对应的图像草图。
已知图像 y=∣x∣−1 与 y=a−∣2x−b∣ 在 x=−3 和 x=5 处相交,
(c) 求 a 和 b 的值。
解答
(a)(i)
解法一
思路
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由于绝对值恒为非负数,a−∣2x−b∣ 在绝对值部分等于零时取得最大值。令 2x−b=0 即可求出顶点。
答题过程
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The maximum value occurs when
∣2x−b∣=0.
Thus,
2x−b=0,
so x=2b and y=a. Therefore, the maximum point is
(2b,a).
(a)(ii)
解法一
思路
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与 y 轴相交时 x=0。代入后利用 b>0 化简绝对值。
答题过程
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At the y-axis, x=0. Hence,
y===a−∣2(0)−b∣a−∣−b∣a−b,
since b>0. Therefore, the point of intersection with the y-axis is
(0,a−b).
(a)(iii)
解法一
思路
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与 x 轴相交时 y=0,所以绝对值等于 a。分别处理绝对值内部等于 a 与 −a 的两种情况。
答题过程
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At the x-axis, y=0, so
a−∣2x−b∣=0.
Therefore,
∣2x−b∣=a,
which gives
2x−b=aor2x−b=−a.
Thus,
x=2a+borx=2b−a.
Hence the points of intersection with the x-axis are
(2b−a,0)and(2a+b,0).
(b)
解法一
思路
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y=∣x∣−1 是开口向上的 V 形图像,关于 y 轴对称,顶点为 (0,−1),并经过 (−1,0) 与 (1,0)。应把它画在题目已有的倒 V 形图像上。
答题过程
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The graph of y=∣x∣−1 is V-shaped, symmetric about the y-axis, with:
vertex (0,−1)
and x-intercepts
(−1,0)and(1,0).
It should be sketched on the same axes as the graph of y=a−∣2x−b∣.
(c)
解法一
思路
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先用 y=∣x∣−1 求出两个交点的纵坐标,再代入另一条曲线。由 x=−3 可直接得到 a−b=8;在 x=5 处保留绝对值并分情况,即可排除不相容的分支。
答题过程
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At x=−3,
y=∣−3∣−1=2.
Therefore,
2===a−∣2(−3)−b∣a−∣−6−b∣a−(6+b),
since b>0. Hence,
a−b=8.
At x=5,
y=∣5∣−1=4.
Thus,
4=∣10−b∣=a−∣10−b∣a−4.
If 10−b=a−4, then
a+b=14.
Together with a−b=8, this gives
2a=a=2211,b=3.
The other case, 10−b=−(a−4), would give a−b=−6, contradicting a−b=8.
Therefore,
a=11,b=3.