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IAL 2026 Jan A Q1

A Level / Edexcel / P3

IAL 2026 Jan A Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.

The curve CC has equation

y=3x2(x2)2x2y=\frac{3x-2}{(x-2)^2}\qquad x\ne 2

The point PP on CC has xx coordinate 44.

Find an equation of the normal to CC at the point PP in the form ax+by+c=0ax+by+c=0, where aa, bb and cc are integers.

(6)
题目中文翻译

本题必须写出全部解题步骤。

不接受依赖计算器技术的解法。

曲线 CC 的方程为

y=3x2(x2)2x2y=\frac{3x-2}{(x-2)^2}\qquad x\ne 2

曲线 CC 上点 PPxx 坐标为 44

求曲线 CC 在点 PP 处的法线方程,并写成 ax+by+c=0ax+by+c=0 的形式,其中 a,b,ca,b,c 为整数。

解答

At x=4x=4,

y=3(4)2(42)2=104=52y=\frac{3(4)-2}{(4-2)^2}=\frac{10}{4}=\frac{5}{2}

So

P(4,52)P\left(4,\frac{5}{2}\right)

把曲线写成幂的形式,方便求导:

y=(3x2)(x2)2y=(3x-2)(x-2)^{-2}

Differentiate:

dydx=3(x2)2+(3x2)(2)(x2)3=3(x2)22(3x2)(x2)3=3(x2)2(3x2)(x2)3=3x2(x2)3\begin{aligned} \frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} &=3(x-2)^{-2}+(3x-2)(-2)(x-2)^{-3} \\ &=\frac{3}{(x-2)^2}-\frac{2(3x-2)}{(x-2)^3} \\ &=\frac{3(x-2)-2(3x-2)}{(x-2)^3} \\ &=\frac{-3x-2}{(x-2)^3} \end{aligned}

At x=4x=4,

dydx=3(4)2(42)3=148=74\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =\frac{-3(4)-2}{(4-2)^3} =-\frac{14}{8} =-\frac{7}{4}

This is the gradient of the tangent. Therefore the gradient of the normal is

47\frac{4}{7}

The normal passes through P(4,52)P\left(4,\frac{5}{2}\right), so

y52=47(x4)y-\frac{5}{2}=\frac{4}{7}(x-4)

Multiply by 1414:

14y35=8x3214y-35=8x-32

Hence

8x14y+3=0\boxed{8x-14y+3=0}