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IAL 2026 Jan A Q8

A Level / Edexcel / P3

IAL 2026 Jan A Paper · Question 8

题目

Problem

Given that aa is a positive constant,

(a) on separate diagrams, sketch the graph with equation

(i) y=axy=a-|x|

(ii) y=3x2ay=|3x-2a|

Show on each sketch the coordinates, in terms of aa, of each point at which the graph crosses or meets the axes.

(4)

(b) Find, in terms of aa, the values of xx for which

ax=3x2aa-|x|=|3x-2a|
(4)
题目中文翻译

已知 aa 为正常数。

(a) 在分别的图中画出下列方程的图像草图:

(i) y=axy=a-|x|

(ii) y=3x2ay=|3x-2a|

并在每个草图上标出图像与坐标轴相交或相切处的坐标(用 aa 表示)。

(b) 求满足

ax=3x2aa-|x|=|3x-2a|

xx 值,并用 aa 表示。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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这两幅图都是绝对值图像。

第 (i) 个图像是倒 V 形,顶点在 (0,a)(0,a),并且与 xx 轴交于 (a,0)(-a,0)(a,0)(a,0)

第 (ii) 个图像是 V 形,顶点由 3x2a=03x-2a=0 得到,即 (23a,0)\left(\frac23a,0\right);与 yy 轴交于 (0,2a)(0,2a)

答题过程

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For

y=axy=a-|x|

the graph is an upside-down V shape.

Its vertex is

(0,a)(0,a)

The xx-intercepts are found by setting y=0y=0.

ax=0x=ax=a, a\begin{align*} a-|x|=&\,0 \\[2mm] |x|=&\,a \\[2mm] x=&\,-a,\ a \end{align*}

So the intercepts are

(a,0)and(a,0)(-a,0) \quad\text{and}\quad (a,0)

For

y=3x2ay=|3x-2a|

the graph is a V shape. Its vertex occurs when

3x2a=03x-2a=0

so

x=23ax=\frac23a

Thus the vertex is

(23a,0)\left(\frac23a,0\right)

The yy-intercept is found by setting x=0x=0.

y=2a=2ay=|-2a|=2a

So the yy-intercept is

(0,2a)(0,2a)

The required sketches should show these intercepts.

(b)

解法一

思路

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从第 (a) 部分的图像可知两个交点都在 x>0x>0。因此可以用 x=x|x|=x,再根据 3x2a3x-2a 的正负分情况:

  • x23ax\geq\frac23a,则 3x2a=3x2a|3x-2a|=3x-2a
  • 0x<23a0\leq x<\frac23a,则 3x2a=(3x2a)=3x+2a|3x-2a|=-(3x-2a)=-3x+2a

答题过程

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We solve

ax=3x2aa-|x|=|3x-2a|

From the sketches, the intersections have x>0x>0, so x=x|x|=x.

First consider

x23ax\geq\frac23a

Then

3x2a=3x2a|3x-2a|=3x-2a

So

ax=3x2a3a=4xx=34a\begin{align*} a-x=&\,3x-2a \\[2mm] 3a=&\,4x \\[2mm] x=&\,\frac34a \end{align*}

This satisfies x23ax\geq\frac23a.

Now consider

0x<23a0\leq x<\frac23a

Then

3x2a=3x+2a|3x-2a|=-3x+2a

So

ax=3x+2a2x=ax=12a\begin{align*} a-x=&\,-3x+2a \\[2mm] 2x=&\,a \\[2mm] x=&\,\frac12a \end{align*}

This satisfies 0x<23a0\leq x<\frac23a.

Therefore

x=12a, 34a\boxed{x=\frac12a,\ \frac34a}